Abu-Musá IBN NUSAYR ,

  General Notes:

https://www.geni.com/people/Abu-Mus%C3%A1-ibn-Nusayr/6000000104082161821
Musa ben Nuseir al-BEKIR aka Musa ibn NUSAIR (ibn NUSAYR); Governor/Emir of North AFRICA & SPAIN; Conquistador de la Peninsula Born: abt. 632 Died: 717 Damascus d. in prison
HM George I's 30-Great Grandfather. HRE Ferdinand I's 24-Great Grandfather.

Musa bin Nusayr (Arabic: ???? ?? ????? Musá bin Nu?ayr; 640\endash 716) served as a governor and general under the Umayyad caliph Al-Walid I. He ruled over the Muslim provinces of North Africa (Ifriqiya), and directed the Islamic conquest of the Visigothic Kingdom inHispania (Spain, Portugal, Andorra and part of France).

Background Various suggestions have been made as to his ancestry. Some say his father belonged to the Lakhmid clan of seminomads who lived east of the Euphrates and were allies of theSassanians,[1] while others claim he belonged to the Banu Bakr confederation.[2] The most detailed account is that of at-Tabari[3] who stated that Musa's father was taken captive after the fall of the Syrian city of Ayn al-Tamr (633). According to this account, he was a Christian, possibly Persian, who was one of a number being held hostage there. However, al-Baladhuri, relating the same events,[4] states he was an Arab of the Bali tribe, from Jabal al-Jalil in Syria.[5]

As a slave, Musa's father entered the service of Abd al-Aziz ibn Marwan (governor of Egypt and son of the caliph Marwan I) who gave him his freedom.[6] He returned to Syria where Musa was born at a place called Kafarmara or Kafarmathra.[7] The date of his birth has been given as 640.[8]

Musa was made co-governor of Iraq by the caliph Abd al-Malik, together with the caliph's brother Bishr ibn Marwan. There was some quarrel over missing tax money, and Musa was given the choice: pay a huge fine, or pay with his head. His father's patron, Abd al-Aziz ibn Marwan, had a high opinion of Musa, and paid the ransom;[9] he was later responsible for appointing Musa to be governor of Ifriqiya.

Islamic conquest of Maghrib Hasan ibn al-Nu'man was sent to continue the Islamic conquest in North Africa all the way to Morocco. However, his policies were quite strict and he did not tolerate Berber traditions. He was relieved of his command for allowing continuing Byzantine attacks. Musa bin Nusayr was then sent to renew the attacks against the Berbers. But he did not impose Islam by force, rather, he respected Berber traditions and used diplomacy in subjugating them. This proved highly successful, as many Berbers converted to Islam and even entered his army as soldiers and officers, possibly including Tariq bin Ziyad[10] who would lead the later Islamic expedition in Iberia.

Governor In 698 Musa was made the governor of Ifriqiya and was responsible for completing the conquest of North Africa and of the Balearic Islands and Sardinia. He was the first governor of Ifriqiya not to be subordinate to the governor of Egypt. He was the first Muslim general to take Tangiers and occupy it;[11] his troops also conquered the Sous, effectively taking control of all of modern Morocco. He also had to deal with constant harassment from the Byzantine navy and he built a navy that would go on to conquer the islands of Ibiza, Majorca, and Minorca.

Musa died naturally while on the Hajj pilgrimage with Sulayman in about the year 715-716. Because of his disgrace, and the misfortunes of his sons, there was a tendency among medieval historians of the Maghreb to attribute his deeds (the conquest of Tangiers and the Sous) to Uqba ibn Nafi.[18]

The Moroccan peak Jebel Musa is named for Musa bin Nusayr according to the 14th-century Berber Muslim geographer Ibn Battuta.[19]

Musa in Legend Less than 200 years after the death of Musa, he became the subject of fantastic legends. The earliest to appear were recorded by Ibn al-Faqih in the late 9th or earliest 10th century. According to these,[20] Musa was ordered by the caliph to investigate reports of a strange city called al-Baht. Musa marched from Qayrawan to the deserts of Spain and came upon a city surrounded by walls with no entrance. Those who attempted to look over the wall became entranced and jumped, laughing deliriously. Musa then proceeded to a nearby lake which contained copper jars. When opened, a genie emerged from each one.

A more extensive version of the same legend entered the One Thousand and One Nights, wherein Musa encounters many other marvels, such as a palace filled with jewels, whose only human occupant was the embalmed corpse of a beautiful woman guarded by two robot warriors.[21]

The 17th-century historian Ibn Abi Dinar used Musa's decline in fortune as an object lesson in the vagaries of human existence, with some exaggerations: "Musa, who had conquered half the inhabited world, who had acquired so many riches, died in poverty, begging alms from passers-by, after having been abandoned by the last of his servants. Overcome by shame and misery, he wished for death, and God gave it to him. I only mention the details of Musa's death to give my contemporaries, who are poorly read, a striking example of the vicissitudes of human life."[22]

Probably the most extensive work to be inspired by the life of Musa is a section of the anonymous Kitab al-imama w'as-siyasa, which contains a lengthy description of his deeds accompanied by many supposed speeches and sayings. Unlike many other authors, such as Ibn Abd al-Hakam, the work is entirely favourable to Musa.[23]

Notes

Editor's note, p. 41 of the Spanish translation of Al-Bakri. These conflicting accounts are mentioned by al-Baladhuri (p. 362 of English translation),Al-Bakri (p. 41 of Spanish translation). Editor's note p. 17-18 of Spanish translation of Akhbar majmua. English translation, p. 396-397. Hitti, on p. 397 of his translation of al-Baladhuri, states this is Mt. Galilee, presumably intending the reader to infer the place of that name near Jerusalem. But according toYaqut, Kitab mu'jam al-buldan, the name applies to mountains which extend up the coast of Syria to Homs and across to Damascus. al-Baladhuri, p. 397 of English translation; the same in other sources, although Al-Bakri(p. 41 of Spanish translation) says that some say he was liberated by Uthman. al-Baladhuri, p. 397 of English translation, and editor's note.
Place of Burial:Immediate Family: Musa Nusair al-Bekir, Governor of Ifriqiya & al-Andalus Also Known As: "???? ?? ????", "???? ?? ?????" Birthdate: circa 640 Birthplace: Kafarmara/Kafarmathra, (now Syria) Death: Died 715 in Mecca, Saudi Arabia Mecca, Saudi Arabia Son of Nusair bin ?Abd al-Rahman al-Bekir and No Name Zauja-e-Nusair al-Bekir Husband of Amîna binte Marwân I bin al-Hakam Partner of ?ari? ibn Ziyad ibn ?Abd Allah Father of Uthman bin Musa al-Bekir; 'Abd al-'Aziz bin Musa al-Bekir and 'Abdullah bin Musa bin Nusair al-Bekir

Occupation: Governor of Ifriqiya and al-Andalus, Conquered the Visigothic kingdom in Hispania, Émir du Maroc,

Abu-Musá married Umm BINT MARWAN , Princess of Damascus, daughter of Marwan I IBN AL-HAKAM AL-QURAYSHI and Aisha BINT 'UTHMAN IBN 'AFFAN.